Anatomy Of The Eye Optic Nerve

It can be divided into extracranial outside the cranial cavity and intracranial components. Once leaving the orbit via the optic canal the optic nerves enter the middle cranial fossa.

Optic Nerve

Light focused by the cornea and crystalline lens and limited by the iris and pupil then reaches the retina the light-sensitive inner lining of the back of the eye.

Anatomy of the eye optic nerve. Facial Nerve CN VII. Leaves the eye at the optic disc and transfers all the visual information to the brain. The optic tracts then pass to the lateral geniculate nuclei where they.

The optic nerve ON is constituted by the axons of the retinal ganglion cells RGCs. Of the 3 branches of the trigeminal nerve the ophthalmic nerve is involved in sensory innervation of the eye. The anatomical course of the optic nerve describes the transmission of special sensory information from the retina of the eye to the primary visual cortex of the brain.

These nerve signals contain information for processing by the brain. There are about 125 million rods which are necessary for seeing in dim light. Within the chiasm fibres from the medial side of each retina cross over to form right and left optic tracts.

The optic nerve is composed of retinal ganglion cell axons and glial cellsEach human optic nerve contains between 770000 and 17 million nerve fibers which are axons of the retinal ganglion cells of one retina. Light passes through the front of the eye cornea to the lens. The optic disc or nerve head is the point where the axons from the retinal ganglion cells leave the eye.

The identity of cranial nerve II CN II also known as the optic nerve predates Galenic anatomy. These axons are distributed in an organized pattern from the soma of the RGC to the lateral geniculated nucleus where most of the neurons synapse. The optic nerve is located at the very back of the eye attached to the retina.

The optic nerve begins at the optic disk a structure that is 15 mm 006 inch in diameter and is located at the back of the eye. The optic nerve is mainly made up of the axons nerve fibers of the retinal ganglion cells from the retina. Because of its function the optic nerve is considered part of the nervous system even though its located in the eye.

It is the second of several pairs of cranial nerves. The nerve head appears as a white circular structure in the back of the eye. It is also involved in several reflex arcs related to the ocular system.

Nerve ganglionic cells as well as millions of nerve fibers make up the optic nerve. The cornea and the lens help to focus the light rays onto the back of the eye retina. The optic nerve becomes inflamed usually due to an overactive immune system.

When the nerve emerges from the back of the eye it passes through the remainder of the posterior orbit eye socket and through the bony optic canal to emerge intracranially on the underside of the front of the brain. The job of the optic nerve is. The optic nerve which acts like a cable connecting the eye with the brain actually is more like brain tissue than it is nerve tissue.

Known to the Greek fathers of anatomy as nervus optikus the optic nerve has the responsibility of transmitting special afferent impulses of light to the brain. The optic nerve a bundle of over 1 million nerve fibers is responsible for transmitting nerve signals from the eye to the brain. The front surface of the optic nerve which is visible on the retina is called the optic disk or optic nerve head.

In other areas of retina they connect to many thousand photoreceptors. In the fovea which has high acuity these ganglion cells connect to as few as 5 photoreceptor cells. There are no photoreceptors on this structure.

It is a unique structure that functions as the bridge between the retinal layer of the eyes and the visual cortex of the brain. Here the two optic nerves unite to form the optic chiasm. The optic nerve also known as cranial nerve II is a continuation of the axons of the ganglion cells in the retina.

Pain and vision loss typically in one eye. It is also called the second cranial nerve or cranial nerve II. Rod cells are one of the two types of light-sensitive cells in the retina of the eye.

Embryology of Optic Nerve Develops in the frame work of optic stalk Optic Nerve Head Formed as the optic stalk encloses the hyaloid artery the 8th week From the hyaloid artery the vascular bud develops within Bergmeisters papilla Hyaloid artery disappears before birth Bergmeisters papilla becomes atrophic the physiologic cup develops at 15th week. The eye works much the same as a camera. The optic nerve is located in the back of the eye.

There are approximately 11 million nerve cells in each optic nerve. It works as an afferent part of the corneal and lacrimation reflex. The white part of the eye a tough covering with which the cornea forms the external protective coat of the eye.

A thickened mass usually on the. The nerves that innervate the eye Abducens Nerve CN VI. The optic disk forms from the convergence of ganglion cell output fibres called axons as they pass out of the eye.

This nerve only innervates one muscle of the eye the lateral rectus muscle. The key points of the ON are the optic nerve head and chiasm. The retina acts like an electronic image sensor of a digital camera converting optical images into electronic signals.

The cells in the retina absorb and convert the light to electrochemical impulses which are transferred along the optic nerve and then to the brain. The optic nerve feeds in the posterior surface of the eye and carries all visual information from the retina ultimately to the primary orbital cortex which lies within the depths of the calcarine sulcus on the occipital lobe of the brain.

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